ABSTRACT
Aquaculture is regarded as one of the fastest methods for preparing food and may be relied upon more and more in the future. Production can be seeded from fish caught in the wild and can be maintained with imported fish food however, aquaculture output and quality is limited by cost and resources, and there is an incentive to make it more environmentally sustainable. If these goals can be achieved, we will produce better quality fish and in higher volumes. Microbial protein feed (MPF) offers a sustainable feedstuff solution for the aquaculture industry in China, with the net benefits of taking less time to prepare, using less water and land, being recyclable and also reducing carbon emissions. MPF provides stable and high quality proteins and is produced through the fermentation of microorganisms by utilizing agricultural and industrial waste as substrates and been extensively used in fish and shrimp production in China. This review describes the microorganisms, raw materials, fermentation processes and nutritional components used in MPF production in aquaculture. We shall discuss also MPF large-scale production processes in detail and then finally, what opportunities and challenges are faced by MPF in Chinese aquaculture in the context of "double carbon"targets and Covid-19. High-efficiency biosynthesis technology using mono-carbon gases to produce protein will become an important field in the future, as it shall facilitate sustainable and healthy feedstocks for the aquaculture industry, and allow China to achieve the goal of lower carbon emissions. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd.
ABSTRACT
To contain the spread of the virus at ports, many countries have implemented quarantine policies for vessels from abroad during COVID-19. In response, vessels chose to skip the port to save time or undergo a 14-day quarantine to ensure critical supplies, both of which significantly affected the performance of the port network. However, due to the combined effect of many factors, data analysis techniques can hardly identify the impact of quarantine policies on the outcomes. Therefore, to enable both networkwide performance assessment and detailed evaluation for individual vessels and ports under such an unprecedented policy, a microscopic simulation model for the global port network (GPN) is desired. The proposed simulation method is based on real-world vessel movement data from Automatic Identification Systems (AIS) combined with a port database. It is found that the effect of the quarantine policy on a particular port consists of two parts, i.e. the direct impact caused by vessels' port skipping and the indirect impact caused by network interaction, which is further determined by the location of, and the policy implemented by the port. Furthermore, the ability of the global port network to maintain its performance under different levels of pandemic situations and different rates for vessels to skip the ports requiring quarantine is investigated. Interestingly, in most cases, a moderate port skipping rate (mostly between 20% and 50%) could help improve network performance. The results and presented simulation method can assist policymakers in coping with COVID-19 and potential global catastrophes.
ABSTRACT
In order to guard against the 2019-nCoV new coronavirus, this paper proposes a novel intelligent robot for epidemic identification and prevention. To examine people's health more comprehensively, an infrared thermal imaging camera is equipped on the humanoid eyes-head robot platform that has the ability to hear, speak and watch. The robot not only has common capabilities such as face recognition, cough detection, mask detection, and heart rate detection, but also epidemic prevention and detection capabilities such as respiratory frequency and body temperature detection.